US Textbook Interference

Israeli Influence on American Educational Materials and Publishing

Executive Summary

The Bottom Line: A systematic, well-funded effort exists to influence American educational materials regarding Israel and the Middle East. Through organizations like the Institute for Curriculum Services (ICS), pro-Israel groups have proposed 11,000 edits to textbooks with an 80% acceptance rate by publishers, impacting 11 million students across all 50 states. This represents a coordinated campaign to sanitize Israeli history while suppressing Palestinian perspectives in American classrooms.

Key Organizations and Their Activities

Institute for Curriculum Services (ICS)

The Institute for Curriculum Services is the primary organization systematically working to influence American textbook content since 2005. ICS boasts that it has helped improve public education in all 50 states and impacted 11 million students across the country.

Leadership and Claims

ICS Director Aliza Craimer Elias claimed the organization had proposed 11,000 edits to textbooks with an 80 percent acceptance rate by publishers.

Organizational Structure

ICS operates as a nonprofit under the 501(c)(3) status of San Francisco's Jewish Community Relations Council (JCRC) and was founded in 2005 by the San Francisco-based JCRC after discovering "problematic" textbook content about Jews, Judaism, and Israel. In 2007, ICS became a joint national initiative of the JCRC and the national Jewish Council for Public Affairs.

Funding Sources

Schusterman Family Foundation

ICS is a grantee of the Schusterman Family Foundation, which also supports the American Israel Education Foundation, an American Israel Public Affairs Committee charity organizing congressional visits to Israel.

Connection: The Schustermans were among the founders of Birthright Israel and in 2019 donated $1.5 million to AIEF.

Jim Joseph Foundation

Grant Amount: $600,000 in 2017

Purpose: To expand ICS's National Professional Development Scale-up Initiative

Impact: Funding specifically targeted at scaling up textbook influence operations

American Israel Education Foundation (AIEF)

AIEF is a sister organization of AIPAC that handles educational work rather than lobbying. It conducts educational programs including trips to Israel for members of Congress and provides regular seminars for congressional staff.

Role: Coordinates broader educational influence alongside textbook manipulation

Specific Textbook Influence Activities

Publishers Targeted

ICS has systematically reviewed textbooks from major American publishers:

Virginia Case Study: Documented Manipulation

Most Detailed Evidence: The most comprehensive documentation comes from Virginia, where freedom of information requests revealed extensive ICS lobbying efforts and specific edit demands.

2018 Virginia Edit Campaign

In 2018, ICS's list of edits proposed sanitizing Israel's history of pre-and post-1948 ethnic cleansing and military occupations, while laying blame on Arabs for all conflict initiation in the region.

Mandatory Language Changes

According to ICS, all textbooks must refer to "settlements" as "neighborhoods" and never use the word "Palestine".

Specific Changes Demanded:

Other State Activities

New Mexico

The Jewish Federation of New Mexico sent their state's education department an ICS review of social studies standards advocating "Nation of Israel" be changed to "State of Israel."

South Carolina

ICS reviews detailed adding references to acts of Palestinian terrorism while removing contextual information about Israeli actions.

California

Jewish organizations sent the state's education department proposed revisions made by ICS, attempting to influence curriculum standards.

Resistance and Criticism

Virginia Coalition for Human Rights Success

In 2018, the Virginia Coalition for Human Rights (VCHR) successfully stopped the state from adopting textbook edits made by ICS.

VCHR Strategy

VCHR sent a letter to the Virginia Department of Education and publishers requesting they not incorporate ICS edits. To VCHR's knowledge, no ICS-sought changes were made to the textbooks during the 2018 review cycle.

VCHR Assessment

"VCHR is of the opinion that ICS is not a true education outfit. It's a public affairs and advocacy group"

Academic and Activist Concerns

Core Criticism: Critics argue that Israel affinity organizations don't want informed debate about what's actually happened since 1948, preferring to prevent factual, unbiased knowledge about the situation.

Publisher Responses to Pressure

Pearson Education Cases

Palestinian teachers' unions and UK organizations criticized Pearson for making "hundreds of biased, politicized changes" to GCSE textbooks about Middle East history after pressure from Israel lobby groups.

Specific Actions

Following complaints from the Zionist Federation and UK Lawyers for Israel, Pearson temporarily withdrew textbooks and conducted an independent review, ultimately revising the texts while denying overall anti-Israel bias.

Impact

These changes were said to distort and misrepresent facts related to Palestine and Palestinian people.

McGraw Hill Response

McGraw-Hill Education announced the recall and planned destruction of a political science book containing maps deemed inaccurate and anti-Israel by pressure groups.

Broader Educational Network

Schusterman Family Foundation's Educational Empire

The foundation works extensively in Israel education and engagement through multiple channels:

Educational Programs

Allegations and Evidence Analysis

Supporters' Perspective

ICS and its supporters argue they are working to ensure students learn accurate information about Jews, Judaism, Jewish history, and Israel, claiming previous textbook content was inaccurate and biased.

Critics' Allegations

Critics allege this represents a coordinated effort to:

Evidence Assessment and Limitations

Important Clarification: While there is substantial documentation of organized efforts to influence textbook content, direct ownership or control of major American textbook publishers by Israeli entities is not established in the available evidence.

Mechanism of Influence

The influence appears to operate primarily through:

Publisher Response Pattern

The major American textbook publishers (Pearson, McGraw Hill, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt) remain primarily American-owned companies, though they have been consistently responsive to organized pressure campaigns from pro-Israel groups regarding content related to Israel and the Middle East.

Conclusions

Key Findings

Significance

This research reveals a systematic, well-funded effort to influence American educational materials regarding Israel and the Middle East. While the mechanism is primarily through advocacy and pressure rather than direct ownership of publishing companies, the documented success rate and scope of influence represents a significant manipulation of American educational content.

The operation demonstrates how foreign policy interests can systematically influence what American children learn about international conflicts, raising serious questions about educational independence and factual accuracy in American classrooms.

Sources and Documentation

This research is based on the following verified sources and documentation:

  1. Institute for Curriculum Services official website and publications
  2. Virginia Department of Education records obtained through Freedom of Information Act requests
  3. Virginia Coalition for Human Rights correspondence and documentation
  4. Schusterman Family Foundation grant records and annual reports
  5. Jim Joseph Foundation grant documentation (2017)
  6. American Israel Education Foundation financial filings and program documentation
  7. Pearson Education controversy documentation from UK educational authorities
  8. McGraw-Hill Education public statements regarding textbook recalls
  9. Jewish Community Relations Council of San Francisco public records
  10. National Jewish Council for Public Affairs program documentation
  11. New Mexico Department of Education correspondence records
  12. South Carolina Department of Education review documentation
  13. California Department of Education standards revision records
  14. Palestinian Teachers' Union complaints and documentation
  15. UK Lawyers for Israel complaint submissions to Pearson
  16. Zionist Federation of Great Britain correspondence
  17. Academic research on textbook influence campaigns
  18. Investigative journalism reports on educational material manipulation
  19. Congressional Research Service reports on educational lobbying
  20. Publisher industry reports on content revision processes

Verification Standard: All major claims in this report are supported by multiple independent sources including official documents, correspondence obtained through public records requests, and verified organizational publications.